Salzburg (population 145,000 in 2003) is a city in western Austria and the capital of the federal state of Salzburg (population 520,000 in 2003). The geographic coordinates of Salzburg are 47.81 degrees north, 13.04 degrees east.
The city is well-known for its baroque architecture, extensive history, and as a gateway to the Alps.
Setting
The city is located on the banks of the Salzach river, at the northern boundary of the Alps. The backdrop of mountains to the south contrasts with the rolling plains to the north. The closest alpine peak – the 1972m Untersberg – is only a few kilometers from the city center. The inner city, or old town, is dominated by its baroque towers and many churches. This area is surrounded by two smaller mountains, the Mnchsberg and Kapuzinerberg. The city is approximately 150km east of Munich, and 300km west of Vienna.
History
The first settlements at Salzburg were apparently begun by the Celts. Around 15 BC the separate settlements were covoluted into one city by the Romans. At this point in time the city was called Juvavum and was awarded the status of a Roman municipium in 45 AD. Juvavum developed into an important town of the Roman province of Noricum. A Roman Catholic diocese was formed in the town around 700, which later became an archdiocese responsible for Bavaria.
The economic wealth of the town during this time was based on salt-mining. The salz in the town’s name is the German word for salt. The town’s river was a main artery for transporting salt mined in nearby mountains.
Looking across Salzburg Cathedral and Old Town over the River Salzach as viewed from the Festung or Hohensalzburg Fortress.
Until 1803, the Archbishop of Salzburg was the ruler of the city and the surrounding territory. Successive archbishop princes moulded the town, with the most influential being Wolf Dietrich who was largely responsible for the shape of the city today. His influence saw the creation of the towering Salzburg cathedral, the Mirabell Garden, and other landmarks.
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Fucking (the first vowel is pronounced similar to the "oo" in the word "look" for most English speakers; IPA: [?f?k??], SAMPA: ["fUkIN]) is a small settlement (population c. 150) in the Innviertel region of southwestern Upper Austria, located at 48° 02? 60? N 12° 50? 60? E, bordering Bavaria. It is near the city of Salzburg. The village is known to have existed as "Fucking" since at least 1070 and is named after a man from the 6th century called Focko.
The name, spelled identically to the gerund form of the English profanity "fuck", is often found amusing by Anglophones.
The settlement's
Braunau am Inn is a city in the Innviertel (River Inn area) of Upper Austria (Oberösterreich), the north-western province of Austria. It lies about 90 km west of Linz and about 60 km north of Salzburg, close to the border with the German Bundesland of Bavaria. The population in 2001 was 16,372.
The town was first mentioned around 810 and received the city statute in 1260, which makes it one of the oldest cities in Austria. It became a fortress and important trading route junction, dealing with the salt trade and with ship traffic on the River Inn. Through its history
Austria Overview
The opening words of Austria’s national anthem are “Land of Mountains…” and that’s exactly what country is. According to one traveller, John Gunther, said “The chief crop of provincial Austria is the scenery.” And that’s stand true now. Austria is Europe’s highest earner for the tourist industry. The year-round tourist industry accounts for the largest slice of national economy.
The Austria, once the undisputed cultural centre of Europe, still bears the signs of its glory days: majestic architecture, a haven of Western musical tradition (from waltzes, to classical music, to operatic creations), and museums dedicated to its artistic heritage.
Hallein is a city in the Austrian state of Salzburg (state). It is situated along the Salzach river in the shadow of Untersberg, near the border to Germany. It is the district capital of Tennengau. Its area is 24.9 km2, and the population is 18,500.
Long known for salt mines in the mountain of Dürnberg, settlements in the area have been traced 4000 years back. It was a Celtic community from 600 BCE until the Romans took over in 15 BCE. The name Hallein was instituted in the 13th century.
Hallein was the site of a work camp annex to the Dachau
Bad Ischl is a town in Austria. It lies in the southern part of the state of Upper Austria, in the area known as the Salzkammergut. The town has a population of 14,133 (2001) and an area of 162.85 km².
During the Austro-Hungarian Empire the town was the summer residence of Emperor Franz Joseph.
