Genoa (Italian Genova, Genoese Zena, French Gnes) is a city and a seaport in northern Italy, the capital of the Province of Genoa and of the region of Liguria. It has a population of ca. 650,000.
Genua was a city of the ancient Ligurians. Its name is probably Ligurian, meaning “knee” (from Proto-Indo-European *genu ‘knee’), i.e. “angle”, from its geographical position, thus akin to the name of Geneva. Alternatively, the name has been claimed to derive from Latin Janua (“gate”), the two-headed god Janus, or an ancient word that means “foreigners”, as the early settlers were considered foreign by the neighbouring population..
History
Genoa’s history goes back to ancient times. A city cemetery, dating from the 6th and 5th centuries B.C., testifies to the occupation of the site by the Greeks, but the fine harbour probably was in use much earlier. Destroyed by the Carthaginians in 209 BC, the town was rebuilt by the Romans, who used it as a base during their wars with Liguria. Under the Romans, the city enjoyed municipal rights and exported skins, wood, and honey.
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Its origins are very ancient, and it was the main town of the Giudicato of Arborea, an independent district self-governed from the 10th to 14th century.
It has a poor economy, largely focused on fishing.
